Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Pasay City

super LAND substance abuse course of study OF PASAY metropolis SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE 2. 0 2. 1 THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Geography, emplacement and field of honor The metropolis of Pasay is laid in the westward coast of electron tube manila or the National Capital Region (NCR). It is leap in the north by the metropolis of manila paper, in the northeast by the urban center of Makati and the municipality of Taguig, in the west by the urban center of Paranaque, and in the west by the manila mouth (See regard 2. 1). The urban center is placed approximately at latitude 14? 32&8242 and longitude 121? 00&8242. In terms of prescribe, Pasay is the trio sm in allest political subdivision among the cities and municipalities of NCR.The argona statistical distribution of the city per Barangay is shown in knock back 2. 1. circumvent 2. 1 empyrean Distribution (in Hect atomic number 18s) Brgy. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3 0 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 48 reach 1. 48 4. 37 1. 84 2. 89 1. 53 1. 47 2. 58 1. 94 1. 43 2. 99 1. 82 1. 89 13. 95 2. 48 3. 61 1. 30 1. 69 4. 61 1. 10 2. 25 1. 78 0. 56 4. 14 2. 44 2. 16 1. 86 1. 90 3. 82 1. 88 1. 18 2. 80 2. 97 5. 88 2. 93 3. 56 4. 43 4. 56 8. 40 5. 53 5. 53 4. 20 2. 66 1. 69 5. 94 2. 73 3. 90 1. 80 pct to inherent (%) 0. 08 0. 24 0. 10 0. 16 0. 08 0. 08 0. 14 0. 11 0. 08 0. 17 0. 10 0. 10 0. 7 0. 14 0. 20 0. 07 0. 09 0. 26 0. 06 0. 12 0. 10 0. 03 0. 23 0. 14 0. 12 0. 10 0. 11 0. 21 0. 10 0. 07 0. 16 0. 16 0. 33 0. 16 0. 20 0. 25 0. 25 0. 47 0. 31 0. 31 0. 23 0. 15 0. 09 0. 33 0. 15 0. 22 0. 10 Brgy. 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 98 heavens 2. 26 2. 37 1. 01 1. 94 2. 25 1. 01 0. 91 4. 31 3. 79 3. 55 0. 40 0. 49 2. 18 1. 15 4. 45 2. 81 1. 83 1. 56 1. 24 6. 12 1. 02 1. 47 6. 06 3. 30 9. 34 50. 45 4. 22 3. 33 4. 20 2. 64 1. 62 0. 71 2. 11 1. 31 3. 88 1. 56 1. 22 3. 19 1. 24 2. 00 1. 73 2. 28 2. 79 2. 91 2. 51 2. 26 4. 9 per centum to summarise (%) 0. 13 0. 13 0. 06 0. 11 0. 12 0. 06 0. 05 0. 24 0. 21 0. 20 0. 02 0. 03 0. 12 0. 06 0. 25 0. 16 0. 10 0. 09 0. 07 0. 34 0. 06 0. 08 0. 34 0. 18 0. 52 2. 79 0. 23 0. 18 0. 23 0. 15 0. 09 0. 04 0. 12 0. 07 0. 22 0. 09 0. 07 0. 18 0. 07 0. 11 0. 10 0. 13 0. 15 0. 16 0. 14 0. 13 0. 24 Brgy. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 cxv 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 peerless hundred thirty-five 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 148 Area 1. 09 1. 11 1. 42 2. 51 0. 91 1. 13 2. 24 2. 82 0. 90 1. 78 1. 50 1. 41 2. 84 2. 38 2. 12 2. 35 1. 38 2. 26 2. 64 2. 88 2. 02 0. 99 0. 91 2. 4 2. 37 1. 22 2. 90 2. 26 1. 21 2. 82 2. 28 2. 73 2. 82 1. 23 4. 04 3. 05 2. 52 1. 29 1. 33 1. 10 1. 69 1. 11 5. 88 7. 02 6. 65 3. 33 9. 83 Percent to Total (%) 0. 06 0. 06 0. 08 0. 14 0. 05 0. 06 0. 12 0. 16 0. 05 0. 10 0. 08 0. 0 8 0. 16 0. 13 0. 12 0. 13 0. 08 0. 12 0. 15 0. 16 0. 11 0. 05 0. 05 0. 15 0. 13 0. 07 0. 16 0. 13 0. 07 0. 16 0. 13 0. 15 0. 16 0. 07 0. 22 0. 17 0. 14 0. 07 0. 07 0. 06 0. 09 0. 06 0. 33 0. 39 0. 37 0. 18 0. 54 Brgy. 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 one hundred seventy 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 198 Area 2. 4 4. 10 1. 64 0. 94 1. 52 2. 23 1. 93 1. 93 2. 95 1. 69 5. 46 3. 10 2. 23 1. 37 7. 13 2. 12 1. 38 2. 16 3. 07 1. 46 3. 05 3. 65 1. 41 2. 44 1. 52 2. 25 4. 48 3. 58 7. 05 46. 20 2. 34 9. 69 543. 89 8. 63 18. 31 2. 88 16. 62 8. 79 2. 67 60. 81 45. 60 18. 81 13. 99 4. 87 3. 85 2. 83 18. 09 Percent to Total (%) 0. 16 0. 23 0. 09 0. 05 0. 08 0. 12 0. 11 0. 11 0. 16 0. 09 0. 30 0. 17 0. 12 0. 08 0. 40 0. 12 0. 08 0. 12 0. 17 0. 08 0. 17 0. 20 0. 08 0. 14 0. 08 0. 12 0. 25 0. 20 0. 39 2. 56 0. 13 0. 54 30. 13 0. 48 1. 01 0. 16 0. 92 0. 49 0. 15 3. 37 2. 53 1. 04 0. 78 0. 27 0. 21 0. 16 1. 00The authoritative Web berth of Pasay urban center www. pasay. gov. ph 1 world-wide LAND procedure blueprint OF PASAY urban center SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE 49 50 4. 02 0. 95 0. 22 0. 05 99 snow 1. 88 3. 38 0. 10 0. 19 149 150 1. 19 1. 89 0. 07 0. 10 Area of Barangays 1 to 201 replacement heathen Center of the Philippines composite TOTAL scene of action 199 two hundred 201 1,399. 50 213. 66 191. 95 1,805. 11 5. 25 4. 81 33. 75 0. 29 0. 27 1. 87 77. 53 11. 84 10. 63 atomic number 6. 00 The city has a core argona of 1,805. 11 hect ars. The city proper or Barangays 1 to 201 occupies or so 1,399. 50 hect atomic number 18s or 77. 53 pct the measure ara. The Cultural Center Complex occupies around 191. 5 hect bes (10. 63%) patch the difference of the reformation ara coers an area of 213. 66 hectares (11. 84 %). The Barangay single-valued function is shown in Figure 2. 2. 2. 2 Geology Pasay consists of two terrain units, an easterly undulating sect ion and a westerly alluvial portion, which extends into the manila paper Bay. The undulating to thinly pitch terrain is chthoniclain by a gently dipping sequence of pyroclastic rocks basically made up of tuffs, tuffaceous sandstones and conglomerates belonging to the Guadalupe constitution. This formation is represented by massive to obtusely bedded lithic tuff and tuffaceous sandstone.Based on the Geologic Map of Pasay (Figure 2. 3), the two major geologic formations are Quarternary whollyuvial (QA1) which is holdd of detrital deposits for the intimately part silt, sand and gravel and Guadalupe formation (GF) of which the rushing member (Diliman Tuff) is thin to medium bedded, fine-grained, vitric tuffs and welded volcanic breccias with subordinate fol low-pitcheds of tuffaceous, fine to medium grained sandstone. Members of the glacial close Guadalupe Formation underlie almost half(prenominal) of the terrain where Pasay lies. These are mainly Alat Conglomerate and Diliman Tuff.Early glacial head to dimly Pleistocene conglomerate, silty mudstone and tuffaceous sandstone comprise the littleer member while late Pleistocene wellbedded tuff units perk up up the upper member. The constituents of the Diliman Tuff were most seeming derived from a volcano on the important lobe of laguna de Bay to the south establish on its aerial distribution normal and lithological similarity with those in the northern neighbourhood of the central lobe of Laguna de Bay. On the some separate hand, Quartenary alluvial deposits of the marchingikina Alluvial plain stitch and Pasig River Delta plain c all over western areas of the city.The front of the naval sediments suggest that the quartenary alluvium was probably deposited after(prenominal) uplift of the Guadalupe formation. 2. 3 Physiography vacuum tube manila papers physiography is divided into six zones namely, the manilla Bay, the coastal Margin, the Guadalupe Plateau, the Marikina Valley, the La guna low shore ups and the Laguna de Bay. Pasay urban center belongs to the Coastal Margin or the low lying flat strip of republic east of manilla paper Bay with an nip and tuck of less than 5 meters above reckon ocean aim. This zone in like manner occupies portions of Valenzuela, The prescribed Website of Pasay city www. pasay. ov. ph 2 COMPREHENSIVE LAND expenditure scheme OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE Malabon, Caloocan, Navotas, Manila, Paranaque, Las Pinas and the reclaimed portion of Manila Bay 2. 4 Topography, Elevation and list The western part of Pasay city is level to nearly level while its south part is gently sloping to gently undulating. It is characterized by coastal plains along the Manila Bay in the west and sloping areas extending in the south-east direction. Surface summit meetings err from 2 meters above the mean sea level on the coastal plains and 24 meters on the southeast part of the city. . 5 Land and Associated Soil Characteristics As per resistance Manila Land Resource military rating Project by BSWM, Pasay has the following shoot down and colly characteristics (Figure 2. 4) sprightly Tidal Flats (Coastal Landscape) identification numberive tidal flats, with an almost flat relief, shake an elevation that ranges from 0 to 1. 5 meters, sometimes reaching up to 3 meters above the mean sea level. This vote down frame has very poor vauntfulness pipe characteristics. squashy areas may pose a erosion problem to under worldly concern uncoated brand pipes or structural reinforcement.Poor drainpipe is also a problem in sewer disposal in areas which are not served by public sewer facilities. It is unless characterized by behind permeability, high compressibility, and manageable flooding during durational worker high wet table. Soil texture or the distinguishable sizes of particles in the soil mass are trunk, silty clay, and sandly clay loam. The put forward materials of this land classification are tida l mudflats with botch up and peat locally, alluvial sediments. Former Tidal Flats (Coastal Landscape) The causality tidal flats consist of areas more upcountry and slightly higher than the active tidal flats.They occupy the almost flat plains, backswamps and imprint of the coastal landscape formed from maritime and flovio-marine deposits. Slightly lower then the alluvial plain, its elevation ranges from 2 to 5 meters. It has slow to moderate permeability and a soil texture of clay to silty clay loam. Moreover, it is poorly drained, prostrate to moderate seasonal flooding, highly compressible, and corrosive to uncoated steel. Its parent materials are alluvial sediments, former tidal mudflats underlain with peaty and mucky materials. . Water Resources Characteristics 2. . 1 Surface Waters 2. 6 Pasay city is bounded in the west by Manila Bay. It is traversed by two underage rivers that feed the Paranaque River namely the Estero de Tripa de jungle fowl and Maricaban Creek. The city lies at heart the Manila Bay weewee partingful area. The bay has a catchment area of almost 17,000 square kilometers that is made up of around eight river water partings, nearest of which to the city is the Paranaque-Las Pinas river catchment area. This river basin is subsequently made up of trinity major rivers, the Paranaque, Las Pinas and Zapote Rivers.These river systems essentially serve to the highest degree 1,500 hectares of low-lying areas along the Manila Bay and functions as 3 The authorised Website of Pasay city www. pasay. gov. ph COMPREHENSIVE LAND single-valued function broadcast OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE the top dog drainage channel of the area. The geomorphic setting of these lowlying areas and the hydraulic action of the Manila Bay basin and the South China Sea make the area vulnerable to flooding, a condition offendd by the inadequate mental object and poor maintenance of the drainage facilities. 2. 6. 2 GroundwaterPasay is situa ted on a delta which has produced locally-confined aquifers. Groundwater utilization, however, has resulted in momentous draw-down causing oft land subsidence and saline water invasion particularly in the coastal areas. The groundwater basin contains several connected and inter cogitate aquifers, undisturbed of tuffaceous sandstone and conglomerates belonging to the Guadalupe Formation. These facets of Guadalupe Formation in the southeastern part of the city prolong onerousness of approximately 1,300 to 1,cc meters. Recharge to the aquifers comes from pelting and inflow from the extension of these aquifers.However, these are already over exploited due to un coverled pumping and unreasonable underwater withdrawal, a practice through with(predicate) with(p) principally by high-density residential, commercial and industrial establishments. This situation leads to a partial depletion of the aquifers resulting in the lowering of water levels and high pumping costs. to the high est degree 2000 wells have been drilled in the aquifers of the Guadalupe Formation for the commercial and residential users. some of these wells go as deep as 300 meters. In 1990, centre pumpage reached 339. 6 million cubic meters. 2. 6. 3 Water prime(a)Available data from administration agencies such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the DENR-EMB have indicated that the near-the-shore waters of Manila Bay, together with the major rivers in Metro Manila, are considered biologically dead. The water flavor in Manila Bay has increasingly deteriorated due to domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes world dumped un projectlably in the water fashions. This present carry is likewise being attributed to inadequate drainage facilities and the discharge of untreated domestic and industrial effluent due to inadequate wastewater sight, treatment and disposal facilities.Based on the sample distribution conducted by the Department of Environment and vivid Resources (DENR) in each month of the socio-economic class 2000, water tincture as per change state oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and the total suspended fast(a) level in sundry(a) come outs of the Paranaque-Zapote River are shown in the following tables. Two stations were dictated within Pasay metropolis, Tramo and MIA Road. Table 2. 3 annual Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) in the Paranaque-Zapote River System, 2000 put up Tramo MIA Road La Huerta Paranaque Zapote Quirino periodical Ave. Standard, mg/L Location Tramo, Pasay urban center MIA Rd. Pasay metropolis Paranaque metropolis Paranaque city Las Pinas metropolis Paranaque metropolis Jan NS NS NS NS NS NS NA 5 Feb Mar Apr whitethorn Jun July Aug phratry Oct no. downslope 0. 21 NS 0. 0 0 0. 1 0. 9 1. 3 1. 2 0 NS 0 0. 06 NS 3. 8 0 0 0. 0 0. 0 1. 0 0 NS 0. 0 0. 51 NS 12. 0 0 4. 0 13. 4 0. 0 2. 8 0 NS 0 4. 89 NS 3. 6 0 1. 0 9. 5 4. 0 5. 4 0 NS 4. 2 0. 1 NS 0. 0 0 0. 8 9. 4 1. 2 1. 6 0 NS 0 NS NS 12. 0 0 2. 0 11. 4 0. 0 0. 6 0 NS 0. 0 1. 15 NA 5. 2 0 1. 3 7. 4 1. 1 2. 1 0 NA 0. 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 yearly 0. 4 0. 5 3. 6 3. 6 1. 5 3. 3 2. 1 5 The Official Website of Pasay city www. pasay. gov. ph 4 COMPREHENSIVE LAND determination PLAN OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILETable 2. 4 Annual BOD (mg/L) in the Paranaque-Zapote River System, 2000 Paranaque Tramo MIA Road La Huerta Paranaque Zapote Quirino calendar monthly Ave. Standard, mg/L Location Tramo, Pasay City MIA Rd. , Pasay City Paranaque City Paranaque City Las Pinas City Paranaque City Jan NS NS NS NS NS NS NA 10 Feb 10 17 16 7 30 NS 16 10 Mar NS NS NS NS NS NS NA 10 Apr whitethorn Jun July Aug Sep 15 32 17 26 23 6 15 38 12 17 32 10 11 39 16 13 32 4 22 29 17 26 33 13 32 39 5 12 16 8 3 23 14 12 33 2 16 33 14 18 28 7 10 10 10 10 10 10 Oct 23 23 27 14 21 23 22 10 Nov Dec Annual NS 17 19 NS 13 20 NS 20 20 NS 10 19 NS 33 22 NS 15 16 NA 18 19 10 10 10Table 2. 5 Annual Total Suspended hard aims in the Paranaque-Zapote River System, 2000 Paranaque Tramo MIA Road La Hue rta Paranaque Zapote Quirino Monthly Ave. Location Jan Feb Tramo, Pasay City NS 20 MIA Rd. , Pasay City NS 20 Paranaque City NS 30 Paranaque City NS 20 Las Pinas City NS 30 Paranaque City NS NS NA 21 Mar NS NS NS NS NS NS NA Apr May Jun July Aug Sep 20 10 10 20 30 40 80 30 20 30 30 40 vitamin C 30 10 30 20 30 70 30 20 20 30 30 60 20 10 70 30 30 50 10 20 50 40 40 63 22 15 37 30 35 Oct 40 40 40 30 30 30 35 Nov Dec Annual NS 30 24 NS 20 34 NS 40 37 NS 20 30 NS 40 36 NS 20 33 NA 28 32The take results show that dissolved oxygen levels in the two Pasay stations are way below the standards while the BOD concentrations are way above standard. 2. 7 atmospheric Characteristic From the nearest PAGASA station at Ninoy Aquino International drome (NAIA), climatological data from 1950-1995 were obtained. Tables 2. 6 and 2. 7 show some of the significant data. 2. 7. 1 Climate The climate of Pasay is categorize as Type 1 under the Corona classification used by Philippine Atmospheric, Geo bodily and Astronomical serve Administration (PAGASA) depending on rainfall pattern.It is characterized by two pronounced seasons rainy season from May to October and dry season from January to April, when rainfall drops to 10-30-mm/ month. In general, Metro Manila is presently influenced by an average of 2 to 3 tropical cyclones per year. 2. 7. 2 Rainfall The PAGASA station save an annual rainfall amount of 1,149. 2 mm with a total of 113 rainy days between the long time 1961-1995. The rainy months of May October indicated monthly rainy days of 7- 20 with the month of July put down the highest at 20. The highest amount of rainfall for the period 1949-1995 was 427. mm enter on February 1,1962. 2. 7. 3 Temperature Pasay has an average normal annual temperature of 27. 5 C. The warmest months are April, May and June while the coldest months are December, January and February with the minimum temperature of 25-26C. The highest 5 The Official Website of Pasay City www. pasay. gov. ph COM PREHENSIVE LAND purpose PLAN OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE temperature was preserve on May 18,1969 at 38. 1C while the lowest was recorded at 14. 6C on February 1, 1962. 2. 7. 4 coition Humidity Relative humidity or the functions of water drying up in the glory ranges, in onthly values, from 66% to 81% with an annual average of 75%. These values indicate that Pasay is relatively humid. 2. 7. 5 gratuity Speed and stress The annual prevailing bring up direction in the area is towards the east. The average annual pervert drive is 3. 0 meters per second (mps). heights wind speed pass alongs in edge to April while low wind speed happens in phratry to November. The highest wind speed of 56 mps was recorded on November 14, 1977, going in a western direction. The Official Website of Pasay City www. pasay. gov. ph 6 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE Table 2. Climatological Normals Month January February March April May June July August Sep tember October November December one-year reference strike off Rainfall Amount 8. 5 2. 9 6. 2 13. 2 101. 6 244. 5 363. 0 414. 1 309. 0 221. 4 121. 1 43. 7 1849. 2 No. of Rainy Days 2 1 2 2 7 15 18 20 17 13 10 6 113 Temperature (C) Max 30. 3 31. 2 32. 7 34. 3 34. 2 32. 5 31. 3 30. 8 31. 0 31. 1 31. 0 30. 3 31. 7 Min 20. 9 21. 2 22. 4 24. 0 24. 9 24. 5 24. 1 24. 0 24. 0 23. 5 22. 8 21. 7 23. 2 Mean wry Bulb Wet Bulb Dew localise VP (mbs) 25. 6 25. 3 21. 9 20. 5 23. 9 26. 2 26. 0 22. 0 20. 3 23. 7 27. 6 27. 4 22. 8 21. 0 24. 6 29. 29. 0 24. 0 22. 1 26. 4 29. 6 29. 3 24. 9 23. 4 28. 4 28. 5 28. 2 25. 0 23. 9 29. 5 27. 7 27. 4 24. 7 23. 7 29. 2 27. 4 27. 0 24. 7 23. 9 29. 5 27. 5 27. 1 24. 8 24. 0 29. 7 27. 3 27. 0 24. 3 23. 3 28. 5 26. 9 26. 6 23. 6 22. 5 27. 1 26. 0 25. 7 22. 7 21. 5 25. 5 27. 5 27. 2 23. 8 22. 5 27. 2 Relative MSL PRESS. Humidity (mbs) 74 70 67 66 70 77 80 83 83 80 78 77 75 1013. 5 1013. 5 1012. 7 1011. 2 1009. 4 1008. 8 1008. 3 1008. 1 1008. 9 1009. 7 1011. 0 10 12. 6 1010. 6 Wind Speed and Direction Direction Speed E 3 E 4 E 4 E 4 E 4 W 3 W 3 W 3 W 2 E 2 E 2 E 3 E 3 hide Cover (Octa) 4 4 3 3 5 6 6 7 7 6 5 5 5Days TSTM 0 0 0 1 7 11 12 9 11 9 2 0 59 With LTNG 0 0 1 4 16 16 16 10 15 10 3 1 92 PAGASA come out at 429-NAIA (MIA), Pasay City, located at 1431N latitude and 12101 longitude with elevation 21. 0 m from period 1961-1995. Table 2. 7 Climatological Extremes Month January February March April May June July August September October November December ANNUAL Period of Record Source notes elevated 35. 8 34. 8 36. 5 37. 8 38. 1 38 36 35. 2 34. 9 36 35. 8 34. 2 38. 1 Daily Highest Rainfall (mm) Temperature (C) meshing Low come across Amount Date 7-89 14. 8 18-61 55. 3 3-70 28-80 14. 6 1-62 16. 5 27-50 30-78 16 3-63 35. 12-71 23-48 19. 4 17-68 63 4-92 18-69 19. 1 11-50 229. 1 27-60 2-91 20 22-54 316. 8 27-85 6-91 18. 3 28-48 472. 4 20-72 29-89 17. 4 9-49 401. 8 10-47 9-79 19. 1 15-50 228. 8 8-63 24-76 18 23-81 274. 5 9-78 17-72 17. 2 26-49 121. 7 14-77 28-79 16. 3 18-55 110. 5 30-50 5-18 14. 6 2-1 1962 472. 4 7-20 1972 1969 1947-1995 1949-1995 Speed 20 20 26 20 31 36 36 30 26 27 56 25 56 Wind (mps) Direction E-NE E E E SW S W west southwest NW W W NW W 1950-1995 Date 12-86 28-88 29-92 6-86 22-76 29-64 8-86 16-84 27-78 18-85 19-70 30-50 11-19 1970 High 1,022. 30 1021. 4 1021. 1 1019. 9 1015. 9 1015. 9 1014. 9 1015. 2 1015. 2 1017 1019. 1020. 9 1022. 3 Sea Level Pressure Date Low 27-87 1004. 4 1-62 1005. 0 2-87 1004. 7 23-87 1003. 8 9-57 992. 2 6-66 974. 2 7-53 994. 2 12-58 992. 8 20-65 988. 9 25-86 977. 9 3-89 899. 4 8-60 996. 2 1-27 899. 4 1978 1950-1995 Date 1-50 15-52 8-84 25-71 17-89 29-64 15-83 24-78 30-95 14-70 3-95 15-64 11-3 1995 PAGASA *Station at 429-NAIA (MIA), Pasay City, located at 1431N latitude and 12101 longitude with elevation 21. 0 m from period 1961-1995. *No record for the period 1941-1945 The Official Website of Pasay City www. pasay. gov. ph 7 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONO MIC PROFILE 2. 8Air look Pasay City is already experiencing a deterioration of its phone line feature. This may be attributed to the congestion of people, improperly maintained vehicles go them, and the significant percentage of pollutive firms with inadequate air defilement control devices and facilities operating within the area. The National close Air Quality and Noise Standards are prescribed in Table 2. 8 and Table 2. 9 respectively. Table 2. 8 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Source Specific Pollutants *POLLUTANTS (a) 1. Ammonia 2. degree Celsius Disulfide 3. Chlorine and Chlorine compounds expressed as Cl2 4.Formal dehyde CONCENTRATION (c) ug/Ncm 200 30 100 ppm 0. 28 0. 01 0. 03 AVERAGING TIME (min) 30 30 5 METHOD OF ANALYSIS/ criterion (b) Nesselcrization/Indo oxybenzene Tischer Method Methyl orange 50 0. 04 30 5. atomic number 1 Chloride 6. Hydrogen Sulfide 7. Lead 8. Nitrogen Oxide 9. Phenol 10. Sulfur Dioxide 11. Suspended particulate number TSP PM 10 200 100 20 375 260 100 470 340 300 200 0. 13 0. 07 0. 2 0. 14 0. 03 0. 18 0. 13 30 30 30 30 60 30 30 60 60 60 Chromotrophic mordant method or MBTH-Colorimetric method Volhard Titration with ace solution Methylene Blue b AAS Griess-Saltzmans 4-Amineantipyrine Colorimetric- PararosanilineGravimetric -do- Table 2. 9 DENR Standards for Noise in General Areas, dB(A) AREA Schools/hospitals Residential commercialized Light industrial laboured Industrial DAYTIME 50 60 65 70 75 MORNING/ level 45 50 60 65 70 NIGHTTIME 40 45 55 60 60 2. 9 Geologic and other immanent Hazards No traced earthquake fault line traverses the city of Pasay. However, the city is not spared from other related geologic hazards such as tsunamis, ground shaking, and liquefaction. Tsunamis are giant sea waves generated by under the sea earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Not all submarine earthquakes, however, can possess the occurrence of tsunamis.Tsunamis can only occur when the earthquake is shallow-seated and s trong enough (M 7. 0) to throw out parts of the seabed and disturb the water over it (PHIVOLCS). The coastal area of Pasay City is among the most hit by tsunamis and have a high potential for rising tsunamis. Typhoons and their associated hazards, such as strong winds, squeeze surges, and floods, are among the most recurrent and detrimental calamities our country is The Official Website of Pasay City www. pasay. gov. ph 8 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE prone to.Some 20 typhoons pass the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) all(prenominal) year. These are most frequent during the months of May to December with upside occurrences in the month of November. Of the total 325 typhoons recorded to have crossed the PAR from 1948 to 1978, to the highest degree 20 passed through Metro Manila. whiz of these, Typhoon Yoling, was the most severe, registering a maximum wind speed of 200 kph and pitch 24-hour rainfall on the Metropolis. Residential are as, infrastructure, mightiness systems, and other utility installations experienced morose damages, some of which took months to restore. . 10 Environmental instruction 2. 10. 1 Water oversight To shout the countrywide water crisis which adversely affects the health and well being of the population, food take and industrialization process, the National Water Crisis comprise of 1995 was enacted. Some of the issues related to the water crises are water supply, water distribution, financing aspects, privatization of state-run water facilities, the protection and conservation of watersheds, and pilferage of water, including the serious effect of graft and corruption in all the water agencies. . 10. 2 Air Quality care The Clean Air Act of 1999 recognizes that the responsibility of cleaning the habitat and environment is chiefly area- found, thus, a local administration concern. In terms of air shade instruction, it stipulates that LGUs shall share the responsibility in the management and maintenance of air quality within their territorial jurisdiction. LGUs shall implement air quality standards set by the Pollution Adjudication wag (PAB) in areas within their jurisdiction.Provided, however, that in cases where the climb on has not been duly constituted and has not promulgated its standards, the standards set forth in this Act shall apply. The Department of Environment and Natural Resources shall provide the LGUs with technical assistance, training and a continuing capabilitybuilding program to prepare them to strive full administration of the air quality management and regulation within their territorial jurisdiction. The LGU, for one, is responsible for attaining and maintaining the ambient air quality standards within their respective airsheds.The designation of airsheds shall be on the basis of, but not limited to, areas with similar climate, meteorology and topology which affect the interchange and diffusion of pollutants in the atmosphere, or areas which share common fire or face similar outgrowth programs, prospects or problems. The DENR bases such ambient air quality standards on World wellness Organization (WHO) standards, but shall not be limited to nor be less demanding than such standards. The initial lists and values of the bad air pollutants are provided in the DENR mandate.The Official Website of Pasay City www. pasay. gov. ph 9 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE 2. 10. 3 Land Management All the barangays of the city have cadastral Maps which are being used for tax income and other legal nominates. On the other hand, prior to this undertaking, a Zoning ordination in 1981 was being used to pull studys and land uses in the city. 2. 10. 4 significant squander Management (SWM) At present, the city of Pasay disposes of its solid waste in the San Mateo sanitary Landfill and the compensateatas dumpsite.As per a JICA study on stiff yearn Management for Metro Manila involving government agencies such as DECS, DENR and MMDA, Pasay City along with Taguig, Pateros and the city of Makati shall be accommodated in the proposed Transfer Station within gird Bonifacio and then dumped in an inland landfill site to be later specified. (Figure 2. 5 refers) All barangays are covered by solid waste collection, which is handled by the local government and private contractors. Solid wastes are still daily on main thoroughfares and every other day in the rest of the city. However, the collection systems accommodate urgent requests by residents.Table 2. 10 Existing Solid Waste Disposal Methods Method Population Served Residents of each Barangay Whole city Responsible influence/Entity Barangay Officials Equipment Facilities Push Cart Financing/ operating(a) Costs Remarks 1. Push cart collection Not recommended since collectors tend to throw their refuse anywhere Presentations Diesoline Expenses Salaries of the personnel 2. Collection by trucks, Transfer and Transpor t 3. Experimental Waste Segregation 51 Families Private sphere of influence/ Solid Waste Contractors Excellent truckage run, Greenline Onyx, Leg Hauling, and RM Maintenance Services SWM Compactors division of the Mayor Trucks (10 wheeler dump truck) Open-Top Compactors Pay loaders Shovels Sacks drool Compactors Diesoline Expenses Maintenance of the facilities A lying-in adopted by the Maryville Association Source Solid Waste Management major power 2. 10. 5 Drainage and Flood check off System The Tripa de Gallina and Libertad pumping stations (PS), the Buendia and Libertad Outfalls or Channels are currently servicing the drainage requirement of the city. The Tripa de Gallina PS has a drainage area of over 1,700 hectares. Part of the storm runoff from the Estero de Tripa de Gallina enters the Libertad PS via the Buendia and Libertad Outfalls.The rest are carry out into the Paranaque River. The Estero, however, shows a fluctuation in profile due to the deposit of sedi ment and garbage, and lean improvement of the Buendia Channel. This condition is apparent motiond largely by poor sewerage and improper solid waste disposal. A considerable rule book of wastes accumulates in the retention pond of the reclamation area. In areas along esteros and creeks occupied by a number of squatter shanties, wastes are directly discharged into the waterway. At present, the local government employs flood control measures such as annual 10The Official Website of Pasay City www. pasay. gov. ph COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE alter of all waterways and sedimentation (desilting of riverbeds) accompanied by a proper garbage and waste disposal system. The adjoining upstream areas of the Libertad Reclamation Area is being drained through the Libertad, Buendia, and EDSA outfalls. Their be discharge capacities are much smaller than their design capacities due to siltation. Garbage inflow at the inlets of these outfalls aggravates the pr oblem. 2. 10. Disaster Management The word of advice system for both typhoons and floods in Metro Manila are operated by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geo bodily and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA). It monitors the meteorological and hydrological conditions and issues periodic notifys. This report contains a pattern if the conditions entail risks to the population. The warning system for typhoons works separately from the warning system for floods. 2. 11 Land suitability Assessment In coming up with an effective land utilization system, the physical and environmental attributes of Pasay City must be considered.Areas of physical constraint for march on developments in the city should be determined. Maps indicating the citys relevant physical and environmental attributes are generated and translated into degrees of concern. References used for this purpose include materials from the local government, BSWM, and PHIVOLCS. Some of the environmental concerns such as floodi ng, drainage, river preservation, liquefaction hazard, and industrial zones were reflected in maps and discussed briefly. These are subsequently used to delineate the areas of various degrees of development suitability.Flood Hazard Areas overly natural factors, other aspects that tend to aggravate flooding problems in Metro Manila include the following Infrastructure development leading to the creation of more imperviable areas, resulting to higher peak run-offs that usually cause standing floods Inadequate or non-existent drainage system Improper solid waste disposal that leads to the clogging of drainage systems, further lowering their water retaining capacity Heavy siltation of rivers due to previous floods, indiscriminate toss away of garbage, encroachment of squatters and slum dwellers, and limited maintenance works and Institutional problems and financial constraints which learn implementation of proper flood control measures. Flooding within Pasay City are generally conce ntrated along Taft course and the areas along the Estero de Tripa de Gallina and Maricaban Creek (Figure 2. 6). The Official Website of Pasay City www. pasay. gov. ph 11COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN OF PASAY CITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE River and Coastal Preservation As shown in Figure 2. 7, the following are the river preservation zones of the city Rivers and streams These critical areas consist of easements of about 3 to 20 meters from both sides throughout the entire length of any river or stream. Areas within this range are subject to easement of public use in the avocation of recreation, fishing, floatage, etc. Coastal Zone This includes areas one kilometer from the coastline of the Manila Bay, which is city waters, and 200 meters from the coastline inland. Areas of no significance Areas outside the range mentioned above are nonenvironmentally-critical areas.Liquefaction Hazard Liquefaction is associated with the phenomenon of quick-condition ill luck which is generally o btained when pore water in a liquefied layer rises into layered near-surface sediments that results in a condition resembling quicksand. Areas that are prone to liquefaction are those underlain by water-saturated, quilted fine to coarse sand layers such as those along the Pasig River Delta Plain, lake shore areas of Laguna de Bay and the shorelines of Manila Bay. Figure 2. 8 shows the citys Liquefaction Hazard Map with potential zones classified into high, moderate and low based mainly on the presence of clay layers which help inhibit liquefaction.Industrial and Airport Zones The attribute features of this map are based on the constraints on acceptable hurly burly and air pollution levels for developments around existing industrial establishments. These noise and air pollution levels conform with the DENR Guidelines (Figure 2. 9). schooling restriction guidelines for various noise zones are from 45 to 55 dBA. Section of contiguous areas which are primarily used for residential purposes. from 55 to 65 dBA. Primarily for commercial area from 60 to 70 dBA. Reserved as a light industrial area from 65 to 75 dBA. Primarily reserved as a heavy industrial area. Development restriction guidelines for various source-specific air pollutants, such as emission of dust, dirt or fly ash based on DENR standards.